In biology, reprogramming refers to erasure and remodeling of epigenetic marks, such as DNA methylation, during mammalian development or in cell culture. [1] Such control is also often associated with alternative covalent modifications of histones.
This review summarizes the recent advances in cell reprogramming mediated by transcription factors or chemical molecules, followed by elaborating on the important roles of biophysical cues in cell reprogramming.
In addition to problems of safety, reprogramming thus far been a very inefficient process – only about one in every 1,000 mature cells is successfully reprogrammed.
Cell reprogramming is the process of reverting mature, specialised cells into induced pluripotent stem cells. Reprogramming also refers to the erasure and re-establishment of epigenetic marks...
In 2006, scientists led by Shinya Yamanaka at Kyoto University in Japan pioneered a new technology, known as induced pluripotent stem cells, or iPSC for short. This breakthrough allows scientists to take easily accessible cells (like skin or hair) and reprogram them.
Cell reprogramming is the act of reverting mature, specialised cells into induced pluripotent stem cells, also known as iPS cells. This process requires a stem or progenitor cell intermediary.
Therapeutic reprogramming represents a transformative paradigm in regenerative medicine, developing new approaches in cell therapy, small molecule drugs, biologics, and gene therapy to address unmet medical challenges.
Chemical reprogramming offers an unprecedented opportunity to control somatic cell fate and generate desired cell types including pluripotent stem cells for applications in biomedicine in a precise, flexible, and controllable manner.
Chemical reprogramming uniquely enhances the plasticity of human somatic cells, reverting them to progenitor states through dedifferentiation, thereby offering a potential innovative approach for rebooting regeneration capacities for tissue and organ repair.
This Review discusses the evolution of direct reprogramming from a transcription factor-based method to a small-molecule-driven approach, the recent progress in enhancing reprogrammed cell maturation, and the challenges associated with in vivo direct reprogramming for translational applications.
In biology, reprogramming refers to erasure and remodeling of epigenetic marks, such as DNA methylation, during mammalian development or in cell culture. [1] Such control is also often associated with alternative covalent modifications of histones.