A formula used to turn ordinary data, or "plaintext," into a secret coded message known as "ciphertext." The ciphertext can reside in storage or travel over unsecure networks without its contents ...

Within the microscopic boundaries of a single human cell, the intricate folds and arrangements of protein and DNA bundles dictate a person's fate: which genes are expressed, which are suppressed, and ...

In the age of Facebook and Netflix, the word “algorithm” has become so ubiquitous, and its connotation so amorphous, that it’s verging on jargon—maybe even cliché. The Atlantic’s Ian Bogost has ...

Amazon, the behemoth online retailer, used a secret algorithm called “Project Nessie” to determine how much to raise prices in a manner in which competitors would follow, according to a lawsuit filed ...

Rather than run all 192 (4×6×8) combinations of these factors, the engineer would like to see whether the total number of runs can be reduced to 50 in an optimal fashion. Since the factors have ...