There are two approaches to causal AI that are based on long-known principles: the potential outcomes framework and causal graph models. Both approaches make it possible to test the effects of a ...

Therefore, the objectives of this article are (1) to propose a modified framework (Strategic Assessment of Risk and Risk Tolerance: StARRT) where factors affecting risk are grouped according to causal ...

A Japanese research team has discovered a novel global cooperative phenomenon of cell interactions in cervical cancer cells. Their findings suggest that the cells are metabolically connected in a ...