Second, education and employment status seem to be the main factors associated with poverty and income/consumption changes. Finally, the government’s expansion of food subsidies has likely played a ...

This surge in urban poverty can be attributed to various factors, including declining economic opportunities, a deteriorating business environment, and a lack of investment in education, healthcare, ...

The paper presents estimates of poverty [extreme poverty PPP$1.9 and PPP$3.2] and consumption inequality in India for each of the years 2004-5 through the pandemic year 2020-21. These estimates ...