After encountering antigen in the periphery and under the influence of the cytokine milieu present, CD4 + T cells can further differentiate into subtypes, including Th1, Th2 and Th17. T cells seem ...

Various immune pathways in the host, such as TH1, TH2, TH3, TH9, TH17, TH22, TH1-like, and THαβ, have been identified. While TH2 and TH9 responses primarily target multicellular parasites ...

Gut microbiota composition and sex hormones influence the immune response to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus gastrointestinal colonization in mice.

Preclinical studies demonstrated ATI-2138’s efficacy in suppressing T cell subtypes (Th1, Th2, and Th17) linked to autoimmune and allergic diseases. The publication disclosed key findings ...

Suppression of Th1 functions should shift the balance of Th1 versus Th2-mediated functions toward the Th2 cells. [50] Thus, VD should aggravate the Th2-mediated atopic diseases but in clinical ...