Objection: Natural variability is the null hypothesis; there must be compelling evidence of an anthropogenic CO2 warming effect before we take it seriously. Answer: The null hypothesis is a ...

Hypothesis testing provides organizations with a structured approach to evaluate assumptions using data, reducing reliance on intuition and enhancing decision accuracy. By validating decisions with ...

In the early 20 th century, Guinness breweries in Dublin had a policy of hiring the best graduates from Oxford and Cambridge to improve their industrial processes. At the time, it was considered a ...

If the P value is less than 5%, reject the null hypothesis; if the P value is .05 or more, don't reject the null hypothesis. Statistics textbooks -- and statisticians for that matter -- focus almost ...

Statistics is to science as steroids are to baseball. Addictive poison. But at least baseball has attempted to remedy the problem. Science remains mostly in denial. True, not all uses of statistics in ...

Hypothesis testing is a formal procedure for investigating our ideas about the world using statistics. It is most often used by researchers to test predictions, called hypotheses. The first step in ...

Post-hoc testing is carried out after a statistical analysis where you have performed multiple significance tests, ‘post-hoc’ coming from the Latin “after this”. Post-hoc analysis represents a way to ...