The results obtained by the authors so far on controlled sampling with equal probabilities and without replacement have been consolidated in this paper in an integrated fashion. Utilizing these ...

As an estimator of the population mean, the sample mean based only on the distinct units possesses a remarkable invariance property. Under three forms of simple random sampling, viz. simple random ...

Consider a population of 70 individuals, for which you wish to estimate the mean annual income, μ. Assume that you have decided to use the following estimation procedure to make your estimate: simple ...

Consider a population of 70 individuals, for which you wish to estimate the mean annual income, μ. Assume that you have decided to use the following estimation procedure to make your estimate: simple ...

What is the difference between representative samples and random samples, and how are they are used to reduce sampling bias?

A simple random sample is a subset of a statistical population where each member of the population is equally likely to be chosen.