In the physical sciences, a particle (or corpuscle in older texts) is a small localized object which can be described by several physical or chemical properties, such as volume, density, or mass. [1][2] They vary greatly in size or quantity, from subatomic particles like the electron, to microscopic particles like atoms and molecules, to macrosc...

This is a list of known and hypothesized microscopic particles in particle physics, condensed matter physics and cosmology. Elementary particles are particles with no measurable internal structure; that is, it is unknown whether they are composed of other particles. [1] . They are the fundamental objects of quantum field theory.

In particle physics, an elementary particle or fundamental particle is a subatomic particle that is not composed of other particles. [1] The Standard Model presently recognizes seventeen distinct particles—twelve fermions and five bosons.

In a solid, the particles pack together tightly in a neat and ordered arrangement. The particles are held together too strongly to allow much movement but the particles do vibrate.

Nov 12, 2020 · Namely, particles are representations of the Poincaré group: the group of 10 ways of moving around in the space-time continuum. Objects can shift in three spatial directions or shift in time; they can also rotate in three directions or receive a boost in any of those directions.

Oct 22, 2020 · We’ve created a new way to explore the fundamental constituents of the universe. [Editor’s note: The full, interactive map is available below.] All of nature springs from a handful of components — the fundamental particles — that interact with one another in …

Mar 26, 2025 · Describe the four fundamental forces and what particles participate in them; Identify and describe fermions and bosons; Identify and describe the quark and lepton families; Distinguish between particles and antiparticles, and describe their interactions

The theory describes two fundamental types of particles: fermions, which makes up all of the ‘stuff’ around us, and bosons, which mediate how fermions interact with one another. Two familiar examples are the electron (a fermion) and a photon (a boson), the particle of light which carries the electromagnetic force.

Feb 16, 2025 · Particle physics, Study of the fundamental subatomic particles, including both matter (and antimatter) and the carrier particles of the fundamental interactions as described by quantum field theory. Particle physics is concerned with structure and forces at this level of existence and below.

All matter around us is made of elementary particles, the building blocks of matter. These particles occur in two basic types called quarks and leptons. Each group consists of six particles, which are related in pairs, or “generations”.